Pharmacy Technician

Unit 1 PART A Pharmacology at Work 1. What are the requirements for dispensing schedule II and III prescriptions? Name some examples of each. Schedule II can only be prescribed in person, unless it’s an emergency. Schedule II’s dispensing is very strict since it has a high possibility of abuse. An example of schedule II would be morphine, fentanyl and hydromorophone. Schedule III has a moderate potential for abuse. Unlike schedule II which doesn’t have refills on prescriptions, Schedule III can be refilled five times within six months. This has to be approved by a physician.Examples of schedule III are anabolic steroids and codeine with aspirin or acetaminophen. Internet Research 1. Research the career options for trained pharmacy technicians. Write a short (two to three paragraphs) report outlining the qualifications sought by potential employers and explaining how this course will help you succeed in the job market. List at least two Internet sources. One of th e first requirements for being a pharmacy technician is the age, which is 18 years old. Pharmacy technicians usually work under supervision of a pharmacist, meaning they are looking for anyone who has somewhat of a working experience.They do need someone that they can rely on as far as knowing their information, which means that a well educated candidate is much needed. Dedication and hard work are other minor requirements as well. This course will help me succeed since it provides a very fine background of being a pharmacy technician. There are a lot of different topics that helps any aspiring technician in achieving what they want to achieve in the future. The course offers so many opportunities to grow and expand one’s knowledge as a pharmacy technician. Unit 1 PART B Pharmacology at Work 2.Explain the concepts receptor, agonist, and antagonist. * Receptor: it is a specific protein molecule that communicates with a messenger. The receptors are on the surface, or sometimes within the cell. They work simultaneously with messengers. * Agonist: it enhances natural reactions of the body. It can bind with a receptor, in which gives the same similar cellular response if the messenger and receptor binds. * Antagonist: drugs that does the opposite of the agonist. It will bind with the receptor site, and it will prevent the response, and also it will inhibit the natural reaction as well. 3.Define half-life. If a drug’s half-life is six hours, how long would it take to remove the drug from the body. * Half-life: it is the estimated time that it takes to eliminate drugs from the body. It is written in T1/2. If the drug’s half-life is six hours, it would take 30 hours to 42 hours to eliminate the drug. Unit 1 PART C 4. List causes for and discuss altered drug response in the elderly. * There are 4 main changes that causes altered drug response in the elderly. Absorption changes affect the breaking down of the drug. It makes it harder as they age to consume and absorb certain drugs.Distribution changes are changes in the body composition of an elder. This affects the main distribution of the drugs throughout the whole body. Elimination changes are mainly caused by a weakened kidney. In order to eliminate certain drugs, a healthy kidney is needed. Metabolism changes such as impaired metabolism can also cause altered drug response. All of these changes in an elderly person can affect their drug response, which results to an altered drug response. 5. List and explain three things to keep in mind when dosing a child. * Making sure that the drug dosage is mainly appropriate for the child’s age. Carefully check all computations that involve the height and weight of a child. * Take time to reevaluate the intervals that are given to all the dosages. Unit 2 PART B Diseases and Drug Therapies 2. Explain why you would not mix amphotericin B with normal saline. * Mixing amphotericin B with normal saline can cause precipitation. Amph otericin B is used to interfere with cell wall permeability, which means it cannot be mixed with other drugs that might cause precipitation. 3. Explain how pulse dosing works. * Pulse dosing is a type of dosing that occurs in one week per month.Pulse dosing can be used to treat fungal nail infections. Unit 3 PART A 4. Discuss local anesthetics. Include (a) advantages and (b) order of function loss. a. Local anesthetics produces transients and it causes a loss of sensation in a certain type of body. The advantages of local anesthetics is that all types of nervous tissues are affected, which includes sensory and motor. It is reversible, but has a recovery in it. b. The order of function loss is as follows: * Pain perception * Temperature sensation * Touch sensation * Proprioception * Skeletal muscle tone 5. Discuss narcotics.Include (a) reactions and (b) analgesic ladder. a. Narcotics are drugs that alleviate pain. It can cause local spasms and reduced linear movement. Some of the mor e common effects are less alertness, urinary retention, constipation, drier mouth, and inflammatory process. b. Analgesic ladder: it is a guideline that will help which type of narcotics to use, depending on the pain rate. Unit 3 PART C Dispensing Medications Identify a possible disease state that is being treated. 1. 25 year old woman: Parlodel * Prolactin secretion 2. 10 year old boy: Zarontin * Absence seizures 3. 50 year old man: Parlodel * Parkinson’s disease . 50 year old man: Sinemet * Parkinson’s disease 5. 20 year old man: Symmetrel * Influenza 6. 50 year old man: Emsam * Depression 7. 50 year old man: Provigil * Excessive Sleepiness 8. 10 year old boy: Ritalin * ADHD 9. 35 year old man: Rilutek * Amyoptrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) 10. 25 year old woman: Betaseron * Relapsing-remitting MS Unit 4 Part B Diseases/Drug Therapies 6. Discuss the agents used to treat obesity listed in the chapter and their mechanism of action. * Here are some of the agents used to treat obesity: diethylpropion, phentermine, dextroamphetamine, methamphetamine, and sibutramine.There are several effects of these drugs such as central nervous system stimulation, GI symptoms of dry mouth, nausea, and also cardiovascular hypertension. Dispensing Medications 7. Which are the most common forms of hepatitis? Which forms should one be vaccinated against? What is meant by at risk? * He most common form of Hepatitis is Hepatitis A. Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B can be vaccinated in order to prevent obtaining the disease. Hepatitis is at risk since it can easily spread if you don’t get vaccinated. The different time periods required for Hepatitis vaccinations allows a less risk to spread the disease. Unit 4 Part CDisease/Drug Therapies 6. Fill in the following chart with names of appropriate medications. ————————————————- Thizaide Diuretics Hydrochlorothia zide Methclothiazide ————————————————- Loop Diuretics Bumetanide Ethacrynic acid Furosemide Torsemide Potassium-Sparing Diuretics Amiloride Epleronone Spironolactone Triamterene ————————————————- Osmotic Diuretics mannitol ————————————————- Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors acetazolamide methazolamide ————————————————- Miscellaneous DiureticsIndapamide Metolazone Unit 4 Part D Diseases/Drug Therapies 1. Identify four types of drugs used to treat arrhythmias. List two drugs per group. * Membrane-Stabilizing Agents: Disopryamide and flecainide. * Be ta Blockers: acebutolol and atenolol. * Potassium Channel Blockers: amiodarone and dofetilide. * Calcium Channel Blockers: amlodipine and diltiazem. Unit 5 Part A 1. List four ways to block normal muscle function. * By blocking release of ACh * Prevent destruction of ACh at nicotinic receptors * Prevent ACh from reaching nicotinic receptors * Other agents that continuously bind to ACh nicotinic receptors 2. Explain how Ultram works It acts by binding to opiate receptors. It is used for severe and moderate pain. It is slow, but when it begins to act, paint control appears to be equal to what narcotics provide. Unit 5 Part B 3. List the symptoms of diabetes * Infections that are frequent * Glycosuria * Polyuria and Nocturia * Vomiting, weight loss, nausea, visual changes * Slow wound healing 4. List and identify the differences in the thyroid medications. * There are two types of thyroids that are needed of medications. Hypothyroidism is treated with levothyroxine or thyroid extract i n comparison to Hyperthyroidism which is treated with propylthiouracil and methimazole.Unit 5 Part C 1. Define the terms fungicide, disinfectant, germicide, and antiseptic. * Fungicide: Chemical compounds or biological organisms used to kill or inhibit fungi or fungal pores. * Disinfectant: It has the ability to inhibit all forms of infectious organisms without being toxic to the patient or inducing sensitization of human tissues. * Germicide: Ability to destroy microorganism. * Antiseptic: Used to disinfect instruments and to treat accessible infection in the oral cavity and the body surfaces. Unit 6 Part A 2. Define remission Remission is the condition in which a tumor is inactive with no cell division or growth which is the main goal for chemotherapy. 3. Define resistance * Resistance is the lack of responsiveness of cancer cells to chemotherapy. Unit 2 Part A Internet Research 2. Research one of the disease states mentioned in this chapter. Write a short report that describes th e disease, its etiology, signs, symptoms, and treatments. List your Internet sources. Chlamydia Description: Chlamydia is a disease caused by bacteria, Chlamydia trochamatis. It is often transmitted sexually, and is one of the most common STDs.Etiology: Chlamydia trochamatis is a bacteria that requires a host. The bacteria react differently in males and females. Signs and Symptoms: Male symptoms include burning sensation while urinating, discharge from the penis, tenderness of the testes, and rectal discharge. Female symptoms include burning sensation while urinating, rectal pain, pain while having sexual intercourse, and discharge from vagina. The signs can be tested by sampling discharge from urethra from males, while cervical secretions from females. Treatments: Antibiotics work well against bacteria related disease.Some of the treatments are tetracyclines, azithromycin, or erythromycin. Internet Resources: http://www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002321/ Chapter 3 Part B Internet Research 1. Find Internet resources listing potential drug and food interactions for three of the antidepressants discussed in this chapter. Do you think the information provided on these sites is reliable? Why or why not? Create a table listing the drugs you researched along with their corresponding drug and food interactions. Internet resources: * http://www. cfids. org/resources/antidepressants. sp The information provided on this specific website is reliable. There are a lot of sources provided that supports whatever was provided. All of the information listed is also consistent in comparison to the book that we are using for the course. Medication:Interactions: Bupropion Do not take if there is a history of an eating disorder FluoxetineMultiple potential drug and food interactions VenlafaxineCaution if high blood pressure, heart, liver, or kidney disease is present; take with food MitrazapineSpecial warnings; potential drug interactionsUnit 4 Part A 2. Select three pr escription medications discussed in the chapter. Locate the manufacturer’s Web site for each. Describe your process for finding the manufacturer: Did you need to go to another Web site first or did a search on the drug name lead you directly to the site? What type of information was available on the manufacturer’s site? Did it list side effects? Did it list indications and contraindications? Create a table with the manufacturer’s Web site address and a brief description of the site’s information related to that particular drug.Drug: Ipratropium-albuterol (Combivent) Web site address: http://www. combivent. com/ Brief description (from the website): Combivent is the only short-acting bronchodilator that provides 2 different medicines in a single metered dose inhaler. Drug: Dextromethorphan (Delsym) Web site address: http://www. delsym. com/cough-medicine? utm_source=google&utm_medium=cpc&utm_term=delsym&utm_campaign=delsym Brief description (from the websi te): Delsym is the #1 recommended Over-The-Counter single active ingredient cough suppressant among InternistsFrom the two websites listed, the manufacturers listed every information that the consumers need. All I needed to do was google search it and the website will be the first one to pop out. Some of the information available were the side effects, indications and also contraindications. Unit 6 Part B Internet Research 3. Herbal medicines have become increasingly popular. Use the internet to research two of the herbal remedies covered in this chapter. List two or three medicinal benefits as well as precautions of use for each. List your Internet sources.Herbal Medicine 1: Ginseng Source: http://www. herbalremedypro. com/ginseng. htm Medical Benefits: It is used for sufferers of libido. Ginseng can also boost one’s immune system. Lastly, it can control blood sugar as well, which can help many diabetic patients. Precautions: Not taking ginseng along with other medications, and also you cannot take ginseng under certain conditions such as being pregnant. Herbal Medicine 2: Valerian Source: http://tlc. howstuffworks. com/family/valerian-herbal-remedies. htm Medical Benefits: It is mainly used to cure anxiety and lack of sleep.It is also a bath additive which relaxes the body. Precautions: One of the main precautions is just drug abuse. Explain why professionalism is important to the pharmacy technician. Visit pharmacies in your area and observe the pharmacists and technicians working there. What characteristics do they exemplify? Professionalism is such an important aspect of any job in the medical field. The reason is because you have to be able to keep things in confidentiality, which requires professionalism. Another aspect of professionalism would be loyalty and trust that you will do your job rightfully.When I visited my local area to observe pharmacists and technicians, the first thing I see is the way they handle themselves. Every costumer that c omes up to them they already knows what to do. All the protocols and everyday procedures, they do it with little effort. Even though they are composed well, majority of them have nice approachable personalities still. One thing about being professional is the ability to be approached by a customer. Overall the characteristics of these jobs interest me, because I myself have certain qualities that are perfect to be a pharmacy technician.

A Canary for One by Ernest Hemingway

A Canary for One by Ernest Hemingway The story under consideration is â€Å"A Canary for One† written by Ernest Hemingway. He was an American author and journalist. His economical and understated style had a strong influence on 20th-century fiction, while his life of adventure and his public image influenced later generations. Hemingway produced most of his work between the mid-1920s and the mid-1950s, and won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. He published seven novels, six short story collections, and two non-fiction works. Three novels, four collections of short stories, and three non-fiction works were published posthumously.Many of these are considered classics of American literature. Now I’d like to pass on the story. The title of the story is rather complex. On the one hand it is related to the present which the American lady intends to give to her daughter. And on the other hand it reveals the idea of the woman’s self-centeredness as she doesn’ t cope with her daughter’s feelings and implants her beliefs on the girl. Now I’d like to pass on the theme and ideas of the story. The leading theme of the story is connected with family relationships. There are several ideas in the story which help us to discover meaning of the story.Firstly, The American lady doesn’t even try to understand her daughter’s desire to marry the foreigner as for American women â€Å"Americans make best husbands†, she is too self-imposed. Secondly, the idea of semi-national marriage sounds absurdly, as the author shows us a perfect example of bad relationships between the American husband and wife, who are intended to divorce. Let me give you a brief summary, to reconstruct the events more accurately. It is the story of three people on a journey across Europe. A married couple shares a compartment with a woman who will be visiting her daughter. She is taking the daughter a canary.They are all Americans living in Europ e so their conversation soon becomes easy and revealing, turning to intimate topics, the kind of things one can comfortable confess to strangers on a train. The two women do most of the talking which is about the woman's daughter and the European man she's about to marry. The woman is against it and insists to take her daughter away as the American men are the best husbands, while the second woman’s American husband remains silent. After they arrive to their destination, all three part with each other. The plot of the story is given to engage the reader emotionally.The author sets up an external conflict between the American woman and her daughter. Moreover there is a conflict between values of the woman and the values of the couple. Speaking about the symbols in the novel I should say, that the main symbol is the canary. An amusing similarity begins to surface between the woman and her captive bird as she decidedly affirms disapproval of her daughter's ill-fated union. The b ird symbolizes both dependence of the woman of her beliefs and the daughter of her mother. As for discourse type it should be noted that the story is partly narration, partly description and partly dialogue.The special role is given to narration and dialogue, as through these discourse types that author reveals the atmosphere and the main ideas of the story. What is more it is written in first person perspective. The narrator is the husband but we can realize that only in the middle of the story. The author uses the indirect characterization. The protagonist of the story is the young man who despite being an American is characterized as an Englishman because of wearing braces and his English character which separates him from his wire and the women.The antagonist is the American woman, a middle-aged woman who is characterized with her deafness – not just the reluctance to her anybody else’s opinion but also a physical one. Setting creates a certain mood in the story. T he immediate setting is the compartment. It is extremely hot there â€Å"it was very hot in the train and it was very hot in the lit salon compartment†. The heat, smoke, dust create the sick atmosphere. Shades of grey, brown and black are predominant in the story: â€Å"dusty trees†, â€Å"brown wooden restaurant cars†, â€Å"long cement platform†.The story is written is formal language with infusions of informal one. There are constant repetitions of the word â€Å"American† in the text, which obviously gets a negative connotation here. To sum it up I can say that the story made a great impression on me. It is rather ironical and I am convinced that the ideas which are expressed in the story are very common nowadays. The national bias often mix up marriages. But we all are people and creating boundaries is incorrectly. Besides being deaf to other people’s beliefs and feelings is a straight way to rupture.

The e-learning community Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The e-learning community - Essay Example This site is reminiscent of many other open source code sites, provides a mixture of community information areas for those who are developers and those who simply want to understand what Moodle is about. Like many open source website, there are continual downloads and as such are constantly updated on a regular basis. The site does presents a very balanced view as it is open source software, it is open to the internet community as a whole. This is an excellent way to continually improve a site with respect to having developers add to the source code as well as reporting and helping, in some cases, to fix bugs that affect the software. The site was extremely easy to navigate due to it's simple site architecture in place. It has general areas that all sites require and conforms to the standards required by open source code sites. The site is very crisp and clean and is not overly complicated with respect to needing to go where you need to. Navigation is extremely well thought out. The site is clean, and not overcrowded by site advertising and lets you find the areas that the visitor needs to go to. The menu system to the left of the site is extremely easy to navigate and, for example, if you do to documentation, that is the first and only place you need to go to find every piece of documentation you would need to find. This style of site allows for the average user looking for a solution to easily understand what they want without being crowded out by technical language. 5. How the site could be improved. I would only say the site only needs improvement in understanding what the open source software is exactly. Moodle gives you a "welcome to moodle", but, unless you are familiar with open source code and what it is about, it is impossible to understand the technical language. Although they provide links to the different definitions of terminology, an unfamiliar and non-technical person may turn away from this site. It would also be helpful to use dynamic flash images or pages instead of static images that don't lend to an overly receptive front page, or, for that matter, cascading sheets. atutor.ca site This website is entirely formatted and styled after the Microsoft site in its arrangement of the menu system and overall style sheets. 1. What information did the site cover, e.g. did it try to present a summary of the facts or did it also give opinions Did it try to give complete and up- to-date coverage, or did it appear to be selective The site is entirely composed of presenting to the visitor what the open source web-based software is inclusive of and as such provides a very good description of what it is representing. As with many open source sites, this too, like Moodle, has continual updates on a daily basis to any fixes to the code itself or those that report a problem they can track it in the documentation section. 2. Did the site present a balanced view or did it represent one perspective The site does

Cetuximab for treating Colorectal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Cetuximab for treating Colorectal - Essay Example and Wheeler (2011) â€Å"many human epithelial cancers including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), colorectal cancer (CRC), breast, pancreatic and brain cancer† (p.778) are the main sites for the expression for EGFR. The EGFR belongs to EGF receptor family, which also belongs to the family of tyrosine kinase. The receptor is ubiquitously expressed in many cells with epithelial, neuronal and mesenchymal origin (Harding and Burtness 2005). During homeostatic condition the regulation of these receptors are activated when ligand molecules like TGFÃŽ ± (transforming growth factor alpha), EGF and AR (amphiregulin) are available. These ligands have specificity for EGFR. Therefore, the target of the drug is usually expressed in many parts of the body with epithelial, neuronal and mesenchymal cells if there is a ligand molecule to initiate the expression process. When the ligand binds to the EGFR receptors, activation takes effect, which is manifested by downstream activation of pathways like PLCy/PKC, RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK and P13K/AKT. In the absence of this process the net effect would lead to the activation of cells to proliferate, metastatic and survival of potential cancer cells (Oliveras-Ferraros et al 2008; Chen et al 2012). The drug has high affinity for EGFR. Therefore, its affinity out-competes both the EGF and TGFÃŽ ±, whose binding would have initiated proliferation, metastatic and survival of cancerous and tumours cells. The drug binds to the extracellular domain of EGFR to cause lockage of ligand induced EGFR phosphorylation or ligand binding. By hindering HER and EGFR members from binding to the receptor, the drug promoted degradation and internalisation of EGFR, thereby abrogating the downstream cascades of signal pathways (Brand et al 2011). Cells are arrested and prevented from existing the G1 phase of the cycle. Besides, interaction of the drug with the receptor decreases the expression of factors like

Healthcare organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Healthcare organization - Essay Example According to ISMP survey on non punitive culture, results of the prevailing environment are stunning. Awareness on system-based reasons of error is increasing. Organizations still need to tackle accountability of related staff in a non punitive culture. The survey points out the need to whole-heartily adopt the culture on all platforms, particularly front-line staff who may not be as conscious as doctors, nurses, and other Para-medical staff about the main principles of non-punitive culture. Deming’s Total Quality Management (TQM) principles hold the key to follow the processes that adhere to the principles of TQM. Non punitive culture necessarily points towards a paradigm change from individuals to processes; processes need to be foolproof so that there is no scope for any individual to commit errors. Here, it would be logical to quote the case analysis (Lagasse 1995) of quality of preoperative care by statistical process control and its adverse results. Out of 116 anesthetics errors, 9 were human errors and 107 were system errors. It definitely shows that the major deciding factor is the system, which should be robust enough to be measured. The big question arises – Is health care an ethical organization? Safety audits are held very often in health care organizations. Take for example the audits in neonatal unit (L Lee 2008). It is a must in clinical governance. It helps health care organizations to get high turnover and closing loopholes. Such audits help in better and efficient practice. Audit helps in maintaining standards as in the case of NHS. Regularity in conducting safety audits ensures that they are effective. It involves making of checklists for all known error-prone activities. Any of the checklist is selected and the process is followed to any point so that relevant staff performs an instant review of the ongoing work to the end number of the

In what ways would you characterize Las Vegas as a 'western' city Essay

In what ways would you characterize Las Vegas as a 'western' city - Essay Example We can also look at the world â€Å"western† as it refers to the locations of Las Vegas as in the western portion of the United States and referring to the western part of Nevada. Finally, we can characterize the word â€Å"western† as linked to the Old West, with a rich history of how Las Vegas began. This essay will attempt to characterize all three concepts of the word â€Å"western† and how it applies to the city of Las Vegas both now and linked to its broad history. The term â€Å"western culture† is used as a reference to a background of social normality’s, ethical values, traditional customs, religious beliefs, accepted political systems, and identified artifacts and technologies. The term has generally come to apply to countries whose history is strongly marked by Western European immigration or settlement, such as the settlement of the Americas. This can be applied to and characterized to Las Vegas as the settlers moved West in the Americas to settle new lands. The first settlers to enter the land now called Las Vegas were the Mormons. They traveled from Salt Lake City to Las Vegas mainly to protect the Los Angeles to Salt Lake City mail route in 1855. The first settlement consisted of a square building of sun-dried bricks, clay and grass called adobe. The Mormons planted fruit trees, planted gardens and mined lead for bullets from the mountains. Unfortunately, the settlement was abandoned in 1858 mainly due to Indian raids. A portion of the Mormon Fort still stands in Las Vegas near Las Vegas Boulevard North and Washington Avenue. Members of the Church of Christ of the Later Day Saints dedicated a Mormon Temple in Las Vegas in 1989, which is visible to the east of the city. The Mormon religion has been a very big influence in the historic roots of Las Vegas and its early beginnings. This characterizes the religious western influences that still remain. Las Vegas was discovered by accident by Rafael Rivera and the exa ct date is unknown. Rivera was a very experienced scout who rode west in search of water. He ventured into the unexplored desert, and by accident discovered Las Vegas Spring. Given the name â€Å"the Meadows† in Spanish, it was an abundant area of marshlands and vegetation. This discovery was able to shorten the trail from Los Angeles, and lent a positive aspect to hasten the rush west for California gold. Just 14 short years after Rivera’s discovery, John C. Fremont led an overland expedition to Las Vegas Springs in 1844. His name is present today in the city of Las Vegas with the Fremont Hotel-Casino and Fremont Street; the main thoroughfare in the heart of the city, another link to the western influences that began in Las Vegas. Any connection to the western world started with the mail routes and the pony express. In 1863 an Ohian named Octavius Decatur Gass began buying land and ranching it. He fell into financial disaster and mortgaged his land to Archibald Stewar t. The ranch did really well for around five years, but Stewart died and his widow Helen was left to run the ranch. She worked the ranch with hired hands and provided a stopping point for travelers and provided postal services for the area. And today the name Gass is honored with a street name in Las Vegas. Railroad developers determined that the water-rich

Fruit Fly Genetics lab report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Fruit Fly Genetics - Lab Report Example About 10-14 days after the eggs are laid by the females, the adult flies emerge from their pupal cases. In this lab, we performed a dihybrid cross for dumpy wing/normal eye color and normal wing/sepia eye color. In a dihybrid cross, two different mutants are crossed to each other and a sibling cross is performed with the progeny from the F1 generation. The dihybrid cross is performed to determine if two genes assort independently or if they are genetically linked. If the two genes assort independently, the expected phenotypic ratio is 9:3:3:1. If the two genes are on the same chromosome and linked, there will be fewer recombinants that have a phenotype different from either parent in the P generation. Since dumpy and sepia are both recessive traits, the F1 generation will be phenotypically wild-type. The dependent variable is the number of each class of flies in the F2 generation (wild-type, dumpy, sepia, and dumpy/sepia). The controlled variables are the genotypes of the P1 and F1 generations. The P1 generation will be either red eyed, dumpy or sepia, normal wing. The F1 generation will all be heterozygous for both mutations. This is verified by making sure that the F1 flies used for the cross all have the wild-type phenotype for both wings and eyes. Flies were sorted by genital morphology and the presence/absence of sex combs under a dissecting microscope following anesthetization with FlyNap. Flies were cultured and allowed to develop in vials with water added to dry media and supplemental yeast. Progeny from each cross were allowed to develop in the vials and emerging adults were collected. The P and F1 generations were sorted and 10 males and 10 females were placed in new culture vials with food to set up both crosses. The F2 progeny were counted by phenotype and the data was recorded. The phenotypes were scored as either dumpy or normal wings and red or sepia eyes. ÃŽ §2 statistical analysis

Shan ss Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Shan ss - Assignment Example However, the new CC outlet would eliminate distance barriers and provide the Sun Valley residents, including large number of teenagers and young adults, with the opportunity to purchase liquor so frequently. The organisation also plans to distribute high-strength alcopops and cigarettes. In addition, the CC will sell legal party pills which evidently cause issues including delusions, hallucinations, paranoia, and suicidal tendency. Although such products are easy to sell, they can have an adverse impact on people’s health. Studies indicate that alcohol and substance abuse are the root causes of social problems like violence, sexual assaults, and gang crimes. Statistical data indicate that nearly 40% of the patients admitted to Accident and Emergency departments had consumed alcohol (drinkaware.co.uk, 2012). Furthermore, the firm’s new outlet will be near to the proposed new Sun Valley primary and high schools. Hence, school students are likely to buy and consume liquor and other intoxicants. Probably, such a situation would negatively influence the school’s academic environment and ultimately students’ future. The proposed business project has also a range of consequences on the environment. The case scenario reflects that several mature trees and an acre of uncovenanted native bush have to be cut in order to find place for the new car park under this proposal. Although the law does not prevent the company from doing so, this deforestation activity can have severe impacts on the environment. As Brown & Pearce (1994, pp.2-5) point out, deforestation evidently leads to the loss of biodiversity. In addition, deforestation may significantly alter the region’s weather distribution pattern which in turn would contribute to a decline in Sun Valley’s agricultural production. The place where CC plans to open its subsidiary is home to several species of

My Neighbor Has Guns Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

My Neighbor Has Guns - Essay Example Based on these statistics, there has been an intention of reducing violence by restricting guns. However, the issue generates immense controversy in the country. For example, some opines that there should be control on guns as they lead to increased rate of violence. On the other hand, others believe that the increased rate of violence calls for increased gun ownership in the society as it will help give protection. In United States, most of the private citizens own handguns. For example, statistics shows that, in 1990, there were over 200 million guns in private hands of which a third were handguns (Kleck 1). Various reasons resulted to increased gun ownership in the 1960s to 80s. First, there was increased gun ownership in the country was the formation of new households and growing wealth enabling gun owners to get more guns (Kleck 1). Second, there was increased rate of crime among people who previously had no title for guns. Ownership of guns in the neighborhood and homes should be regulated as it leads to unintended accident, intimidation, increased rate of violence, and abuse by weak in society. Guns promote weaker adversaries to attack stronger ones (Kleck 1). Therefore, there should be tight restriction on gun ownership and operation. This occurs as the weak and vulnerable finds it easier to commit a crime that would have been dangerous difficult to carry out, or physically or emotionally difficult (Kleck 1). In fact, guns make the individuals involved having impression that they wield considerable influence that cannot be matched by anyone else. The attacker feels having greater power as compared to the victim. Moreover, gun might make it possible for the aggressor to feel that the planned attack will be advantageous to the points that the victim would not be able to counteract its effect (Kleck 1). Furthermore, the aggressor may have a feel that the victims accumulate enough fear that would make it impossible for them to strike back even if they have physically capability (Kleck 1). Therefore, this relates to the statistics that show that women attack men mainly by use guns (Kleck 1). Moreover, there is more likely that an individual will attack a group rather than a group attacking an individual. Likewise, the immense courage to attack is gained from the fact that one attack from a distance. Moreover, guns lead to unintentional accidents in both homes and neighborhood. Some of the accidents may lead to death or injury of an individual with disastrous consequences. For example, a gun may go off and shoot a family member, and this may lead to guilt and emotional breakdown. A survey carried out from 3003 to 2007 showed that over 500 Americans were killed per year unintentionally with firearms (Hemenway 2). In fact, more of the deaths occurred in homes. Moreover, most of the victims were below 25 years and family or friends accidentally shot the victims (Miller, Hemenway and Barber 1). Consequently, most of the accidental shootings deaths in the homes are due to guns kept in the home. There appears that accidental gun deaths are more vulnerable in areas with more guns (Miller, Hemenway and Barber 1). The result correlates with the statistics that show that accidental firearms deaths are high in states with a high level of guns ownership (Hemenway 2). Moreover, increased access to guns by children leads to

Teaching Situation Essay Example for Free

Teaching Situation Essay A1a. Teaching Situation The teaching situation in the video was a typical computer lab type of classroom. The tables were arranged around the perimeter of the room as well as an aisle in the middle with two long tables. Computers were placed on top of the tables with a adequate spaces in between to allow each student to have enough space to work. On the wall of the classroom there was a blackboard, as well as a LCD screen that was utilized to show the students what the teacher was doing on the teachers computer. A large wood cupboard is placed alongside of the blackboard. There is a globe and an overhead projector that is near the teachers computer and workspace. Each student is seated at their own computer. A1b. Educational Activities The student s in the video were instructed to create a summary on the computer using a word processor. First, the students reviewed the material that they had read as a group. Second, the students created a graphic organizer on the computer that showed the main ideas and supporting details of the information they had read. Finally, the students produced a summary on the computer and reviewed their summaries together as a class.A1c. Instructional Delivery The instructional delivery that the teacher presented in the video was direct instruction when she was reviewing the students reading material. Later on, the teacher employs computer assisted instruction by using the LCD panel to project her word processing example to the students. The technology that was incorporated into the lesson was a desktop computer, a word processing program, as well as an LCD panel. A2a. Level of Student Engagement During the lesson, the students were actively listening to the teachers instructions as she described what they were to do. Students used the technology in the lesson; first, by using the computer and also the word processor in order to create their own graphic organizer as the teacher instructed them to do. The students were mimicking the teachers actions by watching how she was setting up the document in the word processor. A3a. Connection Between Choice of Technology and Instructional Purpose The instructional purpose of the lesson in the video was for students to read a piece of material and then write a summary about what they had read. The observed teachers choice of using a word processor as the technology in the lesson indicates that the students were expected to practice their computer skills by using a word processor to type their summaries. The students used the technology to create a graphic organizer as a document and to type their individual summaries of the reading. A4a. Connection Between Effectiveness of Lesson Delivery and Student Use of Technology The lesson was delivered by the teacher projecting her computer screen onto the LCD panel for the students to view and follow along on their own computers. The teacher explains what she is doing for each step and allows enough time for the students to complete each step with her. The effectiveness of the lesson was to have students practice their computer skills as well as their summary skills. The students actual use of the word processor as technology prepared them for future tasks that would be required of them to complete on a word processor. A4b. Explanation of Thinking Process The thinking process that I used to come to that conclusion was based on the teachers interview where she states that the students need to learn how to use computers because the technology is becoming more and more applicable in their daily lives. The teacher was able to combine the two tasks into one by fusing their computer lesson into a reading lesson as well. Personally, I find that anytime a teacher can combine two lessons into one is using time in the classroom well. A5a. Alternative or Additional Form of Technology An additional form of technology that could be used is the computer program called paint. The program is basically a blank canvas where the user can create drawings by using their mouse or by using shapes that are in the program. The students could use paint to depict a scene from the reading. A5b. Justification of Recommendations My justification for my recommendation of using paint to depict a scene from the reading is to provide another angle for students to use their reading comprehension and apply it creatively on the computer program. Most students will find using paint fun, and wont realize that its work. By using the program Paint, it also provides an avenue for visual and tactile learners to apply their knowledge. A6a. Initial Reactions My initial reactions after viewing the use of technology in the video was impressed. Because of the obvious age of the video, I was impressed to see students using computers and word processing when computers were very expensive and not as readily available as they are today. The students were, then, experiencing cutting edge technology! What really impressed me when I viewed the video was the use of the LCD panel. I did not realize that that technology was available so early on, and it is very useful when showing pupils step-by-step instructions on a computer. A6b. Explanation of Considerations What I considered as I created ideas regarding professional implications regarding the use of technology in the classroom is that I plan on incorporating it as much as possible in my own classroom. Today especially, technology is more important than ever and a student should be familiar with technology in his or her classroom, in case that experience is not available to them at home.

Pros And Cons Of Globalization For Singapore

Pros And Cons Of Globalization For Singapore Globalization is defined as a network of connections between different organizations and people across nations, geographic and cultural borders and boundaries. These global networks are creating a shrinking world where local differences and national boundaries are being consumed into global identities. Over the past few decades, inter-connection between countries has been increasing. Nations in addition to opening their doors towards trade and economic growth are also becoming acquainted to other beliefs and cultures around the world. On the flip side, from a negative view, our recent global recession, what started as an in house problem within the United States housing market, became a world problem affecting nations and regions all over, proving that the world has become a smaller place with problems in one region affecting others as well, due to the close interconnected world that we live in. The number of natural calamities and terrorist attacks are increasing in todays world, ca using different nations coming together in times of need to help the affected, which is also a good example of how the world is coming together to form a unison. Globalization has changed us into a company that searches the world, not just to sell or to source, but to find intellectual capital the worlds best talents and greatest ideas. (Jack Welch, 1935) The Origin of Globalization stems from the Industrial Revolution, which was the biggest turning point in the history of mankind. Inventions in terms of manufacturing, technology, transport and other fields took place. The sudden changes led to the Revolution, affecting the lifestyle of people and changing it in many ways. It helped to bring about the modern world we live in today along with improvements in technology as we move on. During the industrial revolution there were large drops in prices of commodities, making products more affordable to the middle and lower classes as well. With newer inventions, the quality of life improved. This in turn led to more opportunities and the search for newer sources of raw materials and commodities for manufacturing. Hence people moved to different nations in this search and it led to the world partition between World War 1 and World War 2. A massive number of independent states and countries emerged and in-order to grow economically a lot of these independent nations kept contacts with the ex-colonizers. New markets and raw materials were established by these colonizers for manufacturing which led to the concept of Westernization/ Internationalization. Globalization helped people migrate to developing countries where labour was cheap and raw materials were in abundance. This explained the rapid growth of certain economies which made them super powers and which continue to grow exponentially. With this growth came the birth of big cities and as they grew, more people were lured to these cities thus increasing their growth. This movement to big cities created Urbanization. With Globalization and Urbanization the question to be asked is, Is the effect of Globalization in Singapore aiding in the growth of an International Hub or diminishing the cultural heritage of the Island? Singapore is a good example when spoken about globalization. After separating from Malaysia and going through the Cold War, Singapore today comes under the 3rd world group of countries and First world in South East Asia with very good economic growth. Singapore reconstructed itself and rose politically and economically. Also being a very small nation with no natural resources of its own they have looked to grow in different ways than most other nations. Due to its small size, Globalization has had a greater impact in Singapore than other nations. Being an export and import market and with its burgeoning sea port and airport, it has created a hub in the South-East region. In order to differentiate itself from its neighboring countries and taking full advantage of Globalization, it welcomes a lot of foreign investors and Multi National Companies (MNCs) to invest in their country in order to compete and survive in the world. As a result, Singapore has had to inherit a multi-cultural and cosmopolitan society. The immigrants from the period of Urbanization has given the place a mix of cultures with predominantly the Chinese, Malay, and Indians, with some European influences, all inter-mingling with one another. Different races predominantly lived in different areas and are living proof with the likes of the streets of Chinatown, the Muslim Characteristics in Arab Street and the different ambience in Little India along Serangoon Road. We are part of a long civilization and we should be proud of it. We should not be assimilated by the West and become a pseudo-western society. We should be a nation that is uniquely multiracial and Asian, with each community proud of its traditional culture and heritage. (Mr Goh Tong ,1988) The few British colonized Neo-Classical buildings, along with the inter-mingling cultures make Singapore a strong heritage location with a multi-racial and diverse cultural society. And in this day and age, Singapore gets a huge economical help from the Tourism sector every year. It attracts millions of tourist a year, especially from all over Asia offering not only a modernized city with its abundance of shopping, but also lush greenery with beautiful nature all over the city. Its nature walks, botanical gardens, bird parks, zoo and man-made beach brings one closer to nature. Singapore has always focused in increasing their tourism sector by having Food Festivals, Singapore Shopping festivals, and Art Festivals which are required as a great number of tourists visit Malaysia, followed by Thailand and their last stop being Singapore. A few Art festivals that are held are the famous Chingay Parade which is a Traditional Chinese New Year procession which evolved to become a street parad e, showing off an array of dancers and street floats, inviting performers from different countries. Another big scale festival is the Singapore Biennale which displays art works of various artists from various parts of the world. However with the tremendous benefits of Globalization there are issues which arise as well. As Singapore continues to grow annually at great lengths, with it come certain cultural issues. To sustain this growth the nation must open its doors to the world and invite and encourage foreigners from various regions to the land. This creates greater competition amongst locals and foreigners all competing for the limited slots in this relatively small nation. Through this competition everyone needs to work harder and increases stress levels among the people which in turn create the falling fertility ratios seen today even though the government is doing its best to encourage its citizens to have more babies and increase the population of the locals. This problem will slowly but surely lead to the eradication of the local indigenous people of Singapore and will only increase its cosmopolitan and multi-racial society. Locals will no longer feel a sense of belonging to the land in which they we re born and brought up and this will lead to resentment and frustrations. The complexity and range of the challenges facing Singapore has increased, with greater global economic and socio- political tension as a result of conflict and competition. There are numerous issues globally including climate change, bioethics, ideological trends that will have a major impact on the future of Singapore. As our nation progresses, our unique Singaporean identity, shared values and heritage will be our greatest resource to ensure that Singapore remains Home, regardless of where we are. ( Lui Tuck Yew, 2008) The main issues that need to be addressed are the awareness of peoples very own culture and heritage, not only to the locals but also to the tourist and immigrants as well. Looking at the rapid transformation in Singapore, heritage and culture serve as a stable connection for the citizens to their heart and soul. The only evident culture that is seen in Singapore on a daily basis is the food culture that they have maintained from the very beginning. For example, Hawker Centres provide food that is extremely affordable and also provides the ambience of eating in a large communal sense. But that is as far as a cultural experience one will get. Hence steps should be taken to infuse the true cultural heritage of Singapore not only within the tourism sector but also among the present and future generations. Even the Singapore Tourism Board (STB) is taking steps to rejuvenate and restore Haw Par Villa. Before Haw Par Villa was turned into a theme park in 1990, it was an iconic place, like the Merlion in Marina South, which many Singaporeans and visitors felt they should visit. Countless statues and dioramas on Chinese legends and folklore were displayed there. Unfortunately when it was turned into a theme park with commercial interests in mind, many of its attractions were removed or relocated, much to the disappointment of many people who revisited the place after it was renovated. It was to be a place where one could learn and appreciate Chinese culture and Confucian values. But now the place is a Ghost town with few if not any visitors. (Dr Lee Woon Kwang, 2011) In the whole development of the social and economic growth the need for museums was forgotten. Museums are a good place to promote your culture and heritage awareness, to grow a culture of galleries, displaying information to people to visit and learn the history. They are the windows to the world and play a special role in introducing audiences to the diverse culture and societies around the world. The government is taking measures towards the development of more museums as it draws more and more people and tourists. Singapore in terms of art design is a growing nation. A few competitions are held in trying to get all the design schools to participate and getting the younger generations to take interest in art and culture. A Museum is a globalised platform of spreading design around the globe. Over the decades people have opened their minds to the idea of visiting galleries and museums. With the era of globalization, came the opportunity of collaborating and connecting the rest of the world to different ideas on design from various artists. Not every Singaporean will have a chance to visit the Louvre Museum in Paris to view these exhibits in their lifetime. Bringing the exhibits here will enable Singaporeans, both young and old, as well as the underprivileged to enjoy and come face to face with Greek culture and history (Ms Yap Su-Yin) Conclusion Also with this rapid increase of Globalization, we see a very new and different skyline. Competition among the best cities of the world instigates the rapid building of newer structures. Although certain heritage sites are being preserved, most of the older buildings are torn down to make way for new and trendy buildings. All this creates a loss of the history and heritage of the country. No doubt one must change to improve and grow but at what cost? A very careful balance must be attained between merging the past and present, or else with Globalization on the rise the sense of belonging will be lost forever. It is very important to save and protect your cultural heritage at the right time before it is too late and is lost. Singapore being a hub and a growing nation, the need for museums and galleries is very important to connect and see the rest of the world through their perspective, not only in the form of historic buildings and architecture but traditions and identity unified in authentic yet inspiring ways to capture the essence of the communitys values and mixed cultures. With the measures taken by the government Singapore will target its aim of being the biggest Exhibition and Conventional Centre in Asia by 2015.

Classical Theorists Essay example -- Sociology, Feminist Theory, Gende

The dominant voice in sociology is white, heterosexual and male. This is certainly true of the â€Å"Classical† theorists and forefathers Georg Simmel and Max Weber. Over the years Sociology has recognized different voices in the tradition, opening the doors for feminist theory and theorists such as Candace West, Don H. Zimmerman, Judith Butler, Patricia Hill Collins, Dorothy E. Smith, and Raewyn Connell. These sociologists attempt to offer a different standpoint from the dominant one, a standpoint that can find some of its roots in the works of the sociological forefathers. West and Zimmerman’s Doing Gender was a seminal sociological work. The authors asserted, â€Å"the essential male and female natures are an achieved status of objective fact, they provide the rationale for the differing fates of women and men† (Kivisto 2011: 319). Max Weber’s views on status compliment this idea. Weber states â€Å"a status group can exist only to the extent that others accord its member prestige or degrading, which removes them from the rest of social actors and establishes the necessary social distance† (Coser 1977: 229). West and Zimmerman go on to discuss the difference between sex, sex category, and gender. They also concentrate on gender, submitting that instead of an essential part of our nature it is an act we portray daily (Kivisto 2011). West and Zimmerman take on gender was revolutionary but at its very foundation is the idea of status in American society. Generally, gender difference has been used to subjugate the female sex category. Georg Simmel also dealt with status in his essay on Fashion. He discussed the lower class acquiring material items to mimic higher classes. Similarly, West and Zimmerman discussed gender displays a... ...2011). Many jobs that are considered masculine make more money, such as businessman and pro football players. While teachers, nurses, and cleaning ladies traditionally female positions barely make a enough to survive. It says a lot about what gender we value in society. Arguing for a living wage from a feminist stand point, would highlight the contradictory act of teaching one thing and practicing another. The feminist perspective might point out that feminine and masculine are social constructions. This ideal would equalize the sex category female and male (Kivisto 2011). Making â€Å"female† activities as valuable as male activities. They would accept knowledge from all groups. Use a variety of standpoints to make decisions about wages (Kivisto 2011). Try to dismantle the gendered hierarchal structure of the university and disavow â€Å"masculine† and â€Å"Feminine†.

Young Girls with Eating Disorders Essay -- essays research papers fc

You open up a magazine and fine a beautiful woman who is 110 pounds soaking wet. Her eyes are the starring straight at the camera with her thin lips clinched together and her neck slightly raised. This in my most cases is what beauty is brought out to be. Sometimes you have to ask yourself, how many of those girls do you actually see? For others its, how do I become that? Many teen girls suffer with anorexia nervosa, an eating disorder in which girls use starvation diets to try to lose weight. They starve themselves down to skeletal thinness yet still think that they are overweight. Bulimia, meanwhile, is a disorder in which young women binge on food and then force themselves to vomit. They also often use laxatives to get food out of their system. All of these young women who suffer from this problem are considered to suffer from a psychiatric disorder. While the causes are debatable, one thing that is clear is that these young women have a distorted body image. It is a very serious issue when someone's body shape is determined by genetic disposition and yet they try to alter it to fit some kind of imaginary ideal of how a person should look. One of the most serious problems is that female nature is not what society says it should be. Some researchers theorize that anorexia is a young woman's way of canceling puberty. Since they lack body fat, anorexics don't get their periods and often lose their sexual characteristics such as public hair. They remain, in other words, little girls. There is also the complex issue of women feeling that by having an eating disorder they are finally in control of something in their life. This may sound strange, but much research has shown that women who have been abused or neglected in their childhoods develop these problems of control. (http://www.anred.com/medpsy.html). Studies suggest that eating disorders often begin in the transition from being a kid to puberty. They are directly connected to pubertal maturation and the increases in body fat that occurs during this phase. These biological changes are associated with increased dieting and unhealthy behaviors in early adolescence. This problem is aggravated by various problems, including negative body image, which links with weight, perfectionism and depression. Family and socializ... ...ED 1. ANRED: Complications of Eating Disorders: http://www.anred.com/medpsy.html-79. 2. EATING PROBLEMS in FEMALE ATHLETES Disordered Eating Tendencies Among Female Pair and Dance Figure Skaters: Are They More at Risk Than Non-Athletes?: G. Taylor & D. M. Ste-Marie http://www.health.uottawa.ca/hkgrad/mllab/eatdisfg.html 3. Cauffman, Elizabeth, and Steinberg, Laurence. "Interactive Effects of Menarcheal Status and Dating on Dieting and Disordered Eating Among Adolescent Girls," Developmental Psychology, 1996, vol. 32, no.4, 631-635. 4. Graber, Julia, Brooks-Gunn, J., Paikoff, Roberta, and Warren, Michelle. "Prediction of Eating Problems: An 8-Year Study of Adolescent Girls," Developmental Psychology, 1994, vol.3O, No.6, 823-834. 5. The costs and causes of low self-esteem: Nicholas Emler http://www.jrf.org.uk/knowledge/findings/socialpolicy/n71.asp 6. Burns, David â€Å"Feeling Good, The New Mood Therapy† pgs. 62-69, 385-405

Philippines Economic Growth Essay

The Philippines has a representative democracy modeled on United State’s system of government. Its republic type of government has also a presidential system of government with bicameral legislature and an independent judiciary wherein the president is limited to six years of terms. Whenever there are troubles experienced within the government of the Philippines, leaders tends to seek help and often times united States always offers help and assistance to the Philippines. Although historically speaking, they were once the conquerors of the Philippines. Both government are being attcked by terrorist which opposes the kind of leaders and leadership in the country.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Philippines is considered as one newly industrialized country located in South east Asia. It is also the fastest growing economy in Southeast Asia posting a GDP growth rate of 7.5% in 2007’s second quarter. (Hookway, 2007.p.A1). As compared to the United States the GDP of the Philippines is really far from US’ GDP rate of 88% over the past decades and until the present. United States is really a great country and is considered to be where the world’s largest gross domestic product rate is.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   GDP per capita of the Philippines is estimated to be $5,700 in 2007 which is far behind the GDP per capita of the United States which is estimated $44,000 for this year.( US treasury Dept. 2007)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Unemployment rates in the Philippines is 7.9% while US is just half of it at 4.4%. This reflects how hardworking the Americans as compare to Filipinos who merely wants a simple life and simple way of living. Inflation rates in the Philippines is 2.3% which makes the economy more hopeful in the present statistics. The national government debt as a percentage of GDP rates in the Philippines is as high as $316.65 billion or 69.9% of GDP while United States only has $19billion or 0.16% of GDP. (wikipedia)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The level of technological development in the Philippines is not also as greater than in the United states. The Philippines is attracted to Japan made products and China influenced imitation of much lower quality technologies as compared to hight technological quality provided in the United States. This is one great disappointment regarding consumer decision making bf Filipinos who tends to buy more goods and commodities at a cheaper price but not of high quality. They tend to overlook the specifications of   a certain of product because of high costs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The level of infrastructural development in the Philippines is not really that far, because the country is taking its phase in cities where rises of buildings and commercial establishments are rampant. There are certain issues concerning how this infrastructures will be built because tax in the Philippines is really high thats why investors sometimes thinks twice of getting involved in dealing   businesses in the country.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The high cost of materials, manpower and cost of permit is sometimes unfair on the part of investor. It becomes a gamble investing on a place where you will think twice if it will really profit once its already made and set up there. While infrastructural developments in the United States can be considerably good because in cities like New York where it is known to as the city that never sleeps, one business establishment will really profit because people keeps on going and going all day and night long.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Socioeconomic indicators that greatly affects the statistics of a certain country such as education, access to health care, clean water, etc. is also considered as one great factor in a progressive nation.   For a country like Philippines, educational system can be considered competitive enough because it produces competent and skilled professionals nowadays. As far as United States education is concern because of course reality speaks that American Student are really ahead in terms of quality of education. Going back to History, American are also known as Thomasites which brought up high standards of education in the Philippines. Brain Drain is one common problem in the Philippines, after years of studying where Filipinos receive of high quality education, they goes out of the country and work for a higher salary. The tendency is the economy of such country raises and the downfall of professional statistics in the Philippines is experienced. They prefer to use the knowledge they’ve learned from their own country as a stepping stone to more opportunities abroad. Health Problems and medical assistance is also a factor in a country’s economic growth for Filipinos who lives in a country with   more illness there is a bigger tendency not to perform well in school for students who are still studying and for employees who works hard int heir professions. The more persuasive you are working, the more tendency of being sick is. The sad part is that there are some instances that medical assistance is far at hand like in cases that we still need to ask help from other countries like the United States which is more medically advanced and this also results a deduction in our statistics because we need to pay for those medicines and medical experts from foreign countries. Abusing the environment is also one reason why people tends to suffer economically. Improper use of natural resources and pollution is one great threat on the Philippines Economic growth.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   At present, there are many Foreign investors who wants to take risk and be involved in having business with the Philippines and this also provides greater opportunity on the countries statistics because it paves way for a more chance of paying debts and increase employment rates to Filipinos.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Talking about change, we really don’t need to compete with any other countries, we can content our economic needs by providing what it needs and at the same time going about business in supporting services and exports that have brought in much needed foreign exchange and help raising our economic status at its best. Great rates and percentage economically comes from people who strives hard and decides best in doing businesses and witty decision making. References   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Hookway, James. (2007). Wall Street Journal p. A1   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     United States Department of Treasury 2007   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   www.wikipedia.org

Big Picture Questions Essay

1) The experience of empire for conquered peoples was broadly similar whoever their rulers were, Does the material in this chapter support or challenge this idea? It supports and challenges the idea to a certain extent. 2) In thinking about the similarities and differences among the empires of the early modern era, what categories of comparison might be most useful to consider? 3) Have a look at the maps in this chapter with an eye to the areas of the world that were not incorporated in a major empire. Pick one or more of them and do a little research as to what was happening there in the modern era. I chose the region of Borneo which is besides the Philippines. I believe the territory must have been led by an empire who did not want to be over thrown by the bigger empires such as Portuguese, French and English, so they would rather not be involved with their trade and other activities. 4) Looking back: compared to the world of the fifteenth century, what new patterns of development are visible in the empire-building centuries that followed? 1) To what extent did Europeans transform earlier patterns of commerce, and in what ways did they assimilate into those older patterns? Europeans for the first operated on a global scale, forging new trade networks across the Atlantic and Pacific oceans They also facilitated the full integration of fur-supplying regions into wider trade networks. But in other ways the Europeans assimilated older patterns, as in the Indian Ocean, where they sought to dominate previously established trade routes, and they continued to trade many of the same products 2) How should we distribute the moral responsibility for the Atlantic Slave trade? Is this an appropriate task for historians? Yes, this is an appropriate task for historians, but perhaps the responsibility should be disbursed by what region a historian is most familiar. 3) What lasting legacies of early modern globalization are evident in the twenty-first century? Pay particular attention to the legacies of the slave trade. 4) Looking back: Asians, Africans, and Native Americans experienced early modern European expansion in quite different ways. Based on Chapters 13 and 14, how might you describe and explain those difference? In what respects were they active agents in the historical process rather than simply victims of European actions? Asians, Africans, and Native Americas were all victims of European actions, but in all in different forms. Africans were used as slaves and to their own convenience. Whereas, Natives were victims in the form that they were pushed out of their territories. Asians were threatened by the dominance of Europeans for two centuries. The English wanted to improvise on Christianity, but the Asians fought back. Although, these cultures were highly discriminated their customs helped form America today. For example the Asians taught English men’s daughters to make profit of their earnings. In addition, Native Americans taught the English about how to harvest and crops. Finally the African Americans brought their customs of foods and certain labors.

Intercultural Communication Essay

Comparison of the light that Catholicism was held in a century ago and its close correlation to the current treatment of Islam as a threat to the US is an important lesson learned from ‘Islam in America’. The close correlation and its replication in history considering that Islam is trying to expand in the US is an eye opener that makes one reconsider his position on the role played by Islam in terrorism and other vices that have been labeled as being closely related to the Islam faith. Another lesson that has been brought out by the article is the fact that more Arabs are Christians. Muslims, Arabs and injustice against America have in recent time been portrayed as being one and the same. Reading the article develops a clear collaboration between what can be considered wayward Islam and Arab Christianity in engaging in acts that are subversive for either Koran or bible dictates. The extreme differences that exist between different Islam groups are also brought out. To any one outside Islam the differences that exists in beliefs thus actions of Muslims and the development that have happened within Islam cannot be developed without having access to such eye opening information. Ida B. Wells, what a woman she was! Surprisingly I had never had of her existence even under black history catalogues. It is amazing how the influence of Wells was inspirational to the development of a number of organizations and uprisings that championed for equality yet her contribution has not even been documented by many writers and literatures. Another lesson from reading the article on her contribution to the liberation of African Americans is that President Lincoln actually placed an ultimatum for southerners to surrender or else lose their slaves. This version of American history is a realization of events within history that have carefully been concealed from the current generation to hide the dismay and inhumanity that past leaders currently held in awe as being great founders of America were involved in. Why is understanding history Important? Understanding the history behind a culture is important in developing a clear picture of events in the current society. Culture is considered a development from history that unluckily is in varied versions (Martin, & Nakayama, 2007); having a deeper understanding of experiences that define a community is thus important in objectively analyzing the different versions and coming up with a personal image. Moreover, without seeking an understanding of history the systems that have been placed to hide the truth may negatively affect one’s perception of events without and within his community (Martin, & Nakayama, 2007). Without understanding the differences that led to the development of different Muslim sects and the fact that they are of different ideologies one may be affected by the negative image that has been created by the media of Islam and terrorism. Without understanding the fact that America has historically been repulsive to entry of new religion one may be duped into believing that controversies surrounding Islam in the current society are a new development in American history. Abraham Lincoln and other great have had considerable effects on the current image of America. Realization that such a great could have made an absurd statement like ‘ surrender now or lose your slaves’ develops an appreciation of the fact that American leaders have had flaws and are not as perfect as modern literature portrays them to be. Appreciation of the role played by individuals whose names are not imprinted in American history or even black history in development that have been attained by African American is developed by Ida Wells’ biography. This develops an appreciation of the effects that individual can have on communities and even generations. Role in Competent Multicultural Communication Perception greatly affects the levels of efficiency that can be attained in human communication. Irrespective of the diversity that has been developed by forces of globalization the history of an individual whether formal or informal will always affect the perception he develops of others (Martin, & Nakayama, 2007). A multicultural communicator must be aware of his culture and the effects that it has on his cognition and others’ to ensure effective communication. An understanding of the differences that exist between cultures and therefore values is important in prior determination of areas of conflict in any given communication. Such information or knowledge is vital in addressing conflict areas in the best way possible. Management of conflicts that are inherent of communication between two communicating parties is affected by appreciation of their perception of each other. Addressing myths like it was the case in demystifying the role played by lynching in reducing African Americans’ role in raping white women and developing a clear difference that exists between Arabs ad Muslims is important in dealing with the negative effect that such have on intercultural communication. Language is part of a culture and unless intercultural communicators are appreciative of the differences in culture thus history has on perception (Martin, & Nakayama, 2007), conflicts in communication and even derivation of meaning that is core to communication becomes constrained.

Chicken Ala Carte Essay

Thousands of people die every day due to hunger and malnutrition. This short film shows a forgotten portion of the society. The people who live on the refuse of men to survive. What is inspiring is the hope and spirituality that never left this people. It clearly displayed that hunger and poverty kicks as main problem of the society and some people are too blind to see it. The videography of the film was too shaky and some parts are blurry. This is actually effective for me as for the fact that it is a documentary and it made me feel like I am in the real setting of the event. Another element is the actors in the film. They portrayed their roles truly and they were really convincing which made the film so sympathetic and melancholic. The songs used in the later part of the film also added to the mood. The setting of the film was very dirty and crowded, enough components to represent a place where poverty is happening. The kids in the squatters’ area were also good representations of hunger and malnutrition in an isolated community. The most powerful part of the story, for me, was when the father tapped his kid on his hands, which cannot wait to eat, just because he forgot to pray. This showed me that even though things are getting to worse than expected, we still have to give thanks to Him for we are blessed that we still live this life with His spirit guiding us. It also displayed to me the spirituality of a man and his faith that is strong enough to continue living their lives. Furthermore, this film made me realize that I am so blessed. Many people out there struggle for food while I can easily buy them anywhere I wanted to. I can choose where to live while they cannot because they cannot afford a concrete shelter. These people are the ones in need and we must have time to reach out for them to have their chance of having a life with comfort. In addition, I couldn’t stop myself from having sympathy for those who are on the overlooked portion of our country for they are the ones who deserve to benefit the profit our country has earned. In this kind of situation, you can’t really avoid to demand that those people should be the one our government should be focusing on improving one’s life due to the fact that since they pursue themselves to the politics, it is their duty to serve their countrymen first before anything else. Aside from scarcity, I believe education is also the key to keep away from those kinds of circumstances in life because if you are a well-educated person, you will be aware of family planning and most especially you have the capability to earn money and buy foods in order for you and your family to survive.

Educational system in 1920’s in America Essay

Around the year of 1920s, there were two types of schools in Americas education system. Generally, it consists of Public Schools and Private Schools. The Oregon School System does play a crucial role in their countrys education system, started from the year of 1922. A group of people which is also known as Ku Klux Klan and the Scottish Rite Masons had also involved in the formulation of educational system for the sake of the society in that time. They set the requirements of education for their young generations in that period of time. Basically, it requires all of the young generations especially children, who are free from physically disability, live more than three miles from the nearest road, have already completed the eighth grade in their previous school, and their age must be ranges from 8 to 16, to attend the Public School to further their studies. By the effecting of state law in 1 June 1925, it required all of the children in America to attend the public schools instead of neither private schools nor parochial schools. In order to ensure that such system is fully obeyed and followed by the parents, those parents who did not send their children to such schools will receive some punishments. They can be fined one hundred dollar or get into jail up to one month or both of the punishments. (http://www.nd.edu/~rbarger/www7/pierce.html)However, this type of education system do brings some protestation and objections from the society. The society especially parents wonder why they do not have the rights and choices to send their children to what kind of school and receive what type of education. Thus, such system was soon been challenged by the Society of Sisters of the Holy Names of Jesus and Mary, which it was originated from Catholic Nuns. They are promoting a private military school. Throughout such educational school, all orphans and young men between the ages of 5 to 21 will be taught in such institution. (http://www.nd.edu/~rbarger/www7/pierce.html) In The Great Gatsby, Nick Carraway was graduated from New Haven School in 1915. Moreover, there were some rumours saying that Jay Gatsby was graduated from Oxford. Gatsby studied in college of St. Olafs, which is situated in Minnesota. But after 2 weeks, he quit from the college. Back to the author of The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald, he has attended St. Paul Academy in 1908. While in the year of 1911, he furthers his studies in Newman School, Hackensack, New Jersey. Lastly, he was enrolled in Princeton University in the year of 1913. (http://education.yahoo.com/homework_help/cliffnotes/the_great_gatsby/1.html)Moreover, the educational system in America had experienced some drastic changes in 1920s. For instance, the increases in numbers of students who attend public school had lead to the rises of demand of teachers. Besides that, Red Scare, religious controversy and political strife had also influenced the education system as well. Furthermore, the changes also included the opening of new classes for science subjects, physical education, home economics, geography and industrial arts. The educational system had slightly experienced small changes as well, which has only focus on Three Rs (Reading, Writing and Arithmetic). In 1896, Plessy v. Ferguson established the doctorine of separate but equal schools for minority ethnics. Indirectly, it greatly take advantage of the blacks. For sure, it does insured separation, but definitely not equality in education between Blacks and Whites. For example, we can see that the average expenditure of states and municipalities for educational purpose of white students was far more outweighing than black students. Furthermore, blacks are always being deterred from certain occupation and jobs as well.

Employee Turnover in Hong Kong's hospitality industry Essay

Employee Turnover in Hong Kong's hospitality industry - Essay Example Turnover implies employee leaving the present job voluntarily and taking up other jobs (Jack Black, 2002). Turnover is not resignation which involves end of employment by the employer for reasons such as a fall in profits of the company, bankruptcy or merger. Thus, employee turnover is taken up by the employee rather than the employer. Employee turnover is dependent on the type of business and the economic state of the area in which the company is operating. Thus where there is an economic boom, turnover is said to be much greater than in areas where there is no growth or which are undergoing the economic down turn (Employee What, 2002). The phenomenon of employee turnover is considered as one of the natural outcomes of conduct of business in modern organizations. Thus it is said that achieving zero percent turnover is not practical and should not even be attempted in today's rapidly changing employment environment (Branham, 2000). It is also said that some turn over may be desirable as it would enable a shake out amongst the employees avoiding bunching up of a large number with similar pay scales, salaries and capabilities making a pyramid (Branham, 2000). To retain all such employees will be extremely expensive for the organization. New employees are also said to bring in fresh ideas, approaches, abilities, attitudes and also prevent the organization from remaining stagnant (Branham, 2000). 2.3 Brief introduction of Hong Kong Hong Kong is said to be a very vibrant metropolis which has a life and dynamism of its own making it one of the unique cities in the World. It has a typical Chinese culture which has remained unaffected by British influence over the years (Hong Kong, 2006). It offers a mix of the modern and the ancient, the Oriental and the Western and therein lies its charm. At the same time the employment environment in Hong Kong follows a very flexible tendency. Thus employees in Hong Kong are not inhibited by generally accepted norms of loyalty and life long service which is characterized by some Eastern management cultures such as the Japanese (Hong Kong, 2006). 2.4 Employee turnover in Hong Kong Hong Kong job market has been continuously improving since the middle of 2003. This has been very dynamic and there has been greater availability of jobs in Hong Kong over the past few years (HR Service Providers Directory, 2005). There is a link between job growth and turn over of employees as seen from the data published in the HR Service Providers Directory 2000. The quarterly turn over rate as per the Directory, HK/HRM 2005 First Quarter Survey on Manpower Statistics has continued to rise which is also in conformity with vacancy rates which have also shown an upward trend due to lack of suitable candidates. In the first quarter of 2005, the overall turnover rate was .62 % higher than for the previous quarter at 2.99 %, and almost 1 (.92) % higher than the same period of 2004. Figure 1 at Appendix 1 refers (HR Service Providers Directory 2005). The turnover in the hotel sector was however slightly lower than the overall trend at 2.77 %. Figure 2 at Appendix B refers (HR Servic

Reading assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Reading assignment - Essay Example The Lord never forgets his people and he loves us very much. Even if you are suffering now, it will not be forever God will eventually rescue your from temptation. The Virgin Mary is also a strong sign of the almighty power and love the Lord has for humans. This is a sign of the marvelous things the Lord has planned for us. The narrator also discovers that the Lord made everything on the surface of the earth even the smallest thing; including a hazelnut. This indicates that we should only pursue to please the Lord since everything belongs to him. However, man has been known only to pursue earthly wealth. Only then can we be spiritually satisfied. The Lord loves us so much that He provides His followers with wisdom to better comprehend the world around them. That is what enables man to be innovative and to praise the name of the Lord for all he has provided us. Since the Lord made everything He has the urge of preserving his creations. That is why when an individual is sick and has faith, he/she shall be healed in the precious name of the Lord. The above facts show us that God is good and is associated with everything good. If you follow His ways, He shall protect you and guide

Rhetorical criticism, a proposition paper about Derrida Jacque Essay

Rhetorical criticism, a proposition paper about Derrida Jacque - Essay Example With this in mind, it is possible to provide a general evaluation of the â€Å"deconstruction† of the otherness between writing and speech, and why his literary essay â€Å"deconstruction† has been heavily critiqued. Derrida adopted a narrow understanding of the language. His argument that words are only used to signify other words and not thoughts or things has been the subject of much criticism. "Logocentrism" was his major point of quarrel, that assumption (as he perceived it) is that individuals have ideas in their minds, ideas that human brains try to express through speech or the art of writing. Nonetheless, his ideas cannot be further from the truth. There is no one individual possessing the complete significance of the words contained in them. Written messages, on the other hand, may some independence from the author and his intended purpose. Again, Derridas unconventional understanding of the Westerns philosophical history, an understanding through which philosophers are hypothetically required to be reproaching writing, at the same time favoring the oral language is not based on a factual understanding of the written works of the primary writers in the tradition of philosophy. Derrida, instead only analyzes a few primary figures at any point: Husserl, Plato, and Rousseau. Relatively, it appears inspired by his strong belief that all things in Logocentrism are based on this matter. If Derrida can treat the elements of a properly redefined concept of writing as conclusive of the matters that the field of philosophy has been mandated with – as definitive of certainty, realism, logic, etc. – then he contemplates that he is capable of deconstructing the said perceptions (Vardoulakis, 2009). The evidence that verbal communication is actually writing that writing comes before oral communication is dependent on redefinition. Through those methodologies, an individual can substantiate anything. An individual can prove that rich individuals

Diversity Trip Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Diversity Trip - Research Paper Example For instance, Cumberland is associated with vast views across Beadon Cove, Cohansey Cove and Dyer Cove bays among others. In the case of String town, the Bakers Bay offers fascinating views. On the other hand, the Venetian Bay offers the Park side estate a fascinating outlook characterized by serene environment. In essence, the three estates are surrounded by vast natural scenes that make them not only attractive but also fascinating. Younger children will have fun in integrating the theory perspective learnt in class about these scenarios with the practical aspect (Black, 39). A child’s world view on these estates differs depending on the distinguishable features. For instance, the numerous bays in South Cumberland creates fascinating scene for the children. The appearance and the pattern of the houses integrated in a well structured street lighting system is an interesting view of the children. This motivates the children learn more about these features and consequently they get the educational motivation and personal satisfaction. Similarly, the String town estate creates a more welcoming feeling for the children who live in the urban suburbs. It offers a sense of better living standards (Black, 57). The children find this estate more friendly because of few people, few passenger buses and numerous bays and beaches. The numerous swimming pools across the estate adds comfort and a sense of belonging to the children. In the case of the Park estates, the children feel isolated and lonely due to the lifestyle of the locals and the sparsely located ap artments. However, this estate offers a pleasant hunting and playing environment for the children. The green and safe forests offer the children a fascinating playing ground for games such as hide and seek. In essence, the three estates offer the children spectacular scenes and comfort irrespective of their background in terms of personal dynamics. It is imperative to note that the children

Changes in House prices in UK over the Last Three Years Essay

Changes in House prices in UK over the Last Three Years - Essay Example This was a very big challenge for citizens to purchase houses. It happens in that; the demand for houses has gone up from Q1 to Q2, but the quantity supplied has not changed and remains stable at Q1. This means the number of houses available in the market is minimal than the number of houses the buyers are willing and able to buy. This created a shortage for the houses, which is the difference between Q2 and Q1. According to supply and demand theory, when demand is high and supply is low, the sellers tend to increase the price of a commodity from P1 to P2. In the short run, supply in the house market is inelastic. Therefore, the increased demand translates to an increase in the prices of houses. The increase in prices results from the fact that the supply (Q1) of houses is not equal to the demand (Q2) of houses and this causes disequilibrium in the market (Higson, 2011: 81). However, the prices of houses in the long run have gone down. Several factors cause the decrease of the house prices. One of the factors leading to decrease in prices is that the government has ensured that interest’s rates of getting a loan are very low. This has encouraged investors to obtain mortgage loans at relatively low interest rate. This implies that they are able to refund the money with very little amounts of interest. Therefore, supply of houses has gone up within the period. When supply increases, the price of the houses go down since the supply exceeds demand. On the other hand, deposit rates of a mortgage have been high, and this leads to a decreased demand. As a result, there has been excess supply in the house market. Another factor that has led to the decreased demand of houses f or the last three years is that the rate of unemployment has gone up. Reduced interest rates have resulted to losses in the financial institutions. These institutions have to lay off some of their employees. Therefore, many people end up losing their jobs and this increase the rate of unemployment. This increases the number of people without the ability to pay the high mortgage deposits (Vermeulen, 2003:37). This means that the number of capable buyers of houses has reduced. As a result, the demand for houses decreased yet the supply of houses increased form Q1 to Q2, yet the able buyers remain Q1 who are less as compared to the supply. Therefore, because of an increase in the unemployment rates, this is a cause of low demand in the house market. According to the demand and supply theory, when the supply increases and demand decreases, the price of a commodity falls from P1 to P2. Another factor that has led to falling of the house prices in UK is issuing of residues to investors in the house market. This has encouraged investors to build more houses hence increasing the supply of the houses. Increase in supply is subject to a reduced demand and a decrease in the house prices (Geyer, 2009:138). This increases the loss made by financial institutions because residues discourage investors from borrowing from the lending institutions. Finally, lenders continue making more losses. This leads to a high rate of unemployment when the companies continue making losses. All these discussed factors leading to the reduced prices are crucial and have relatively led to a decreased demand (Geyer, 2009:139). In the coming years, the prices of houses will continue going down. The reasons for the low prices are that people will continue losing their jobs, and this will reduce demand for houses in UK. However, though the mortgage finances availability

Does God Exist Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Does God Exist - Essay Example However, many philosophers came up with their own proofs for the existence of God, some of which are outlined in this paper. Rene Descartes holds a special place in the history of philosophy since he is known as the father of modern philosophy. His own proof for the existence of God is given when he starts doubting everything including his own existence. However, since he is aware of his existence, he knows he actually exists which gives us the axiom â€Å"I think therefore I am†. He then gives further proofs for the existence of his senses and uses that to show that a benevolent God must be present which allows him to have faith in the reality around him (Wikipedia, 2006). In effect, the proof given by Descartes stems from the fact that his ability of reasoning means that a God must exist (Jones, 2003). In relation to Descartes, Immanuel Kant took a slightly different approach to come to his own rationale for the existence of God. Since his philosophy was focused on the moral principles of life, he uses that to show the necessity of God. His argument is that morality is a rational system which can only exist with a moral order within the world. This moral order can only be created and conceived if there is a God present to guide us therefore, the presence of God is necessary for us (Byrne, 2004). Kant also gave an additional proof for the existence of God based on his philosophy of morality by saying that it is rational as well as morally important for us to attain happiness which comes from being virtuous and whatever we ought to attain should be possible. However, attaining this happiness would only be possible if a natural order was maintained and that can only be maintained if God is responsible for it (Byrne, 2004). It is clear that both the arguments presented form their basis on a person agreeing with Kant’s own philosophy of ethics

The Usefulness of the Academic Literature on National Culture for Essay

The Usefulness of the Academic Literature on National Culture for Helping a Multinational Corporation Devise its Strategy - Essay Example As a means of developing broader range insights into the nature of culture, business, innovation, and profit, this research assess the usefulness of the academic literature on national culture for helping a multinational corporation devise its strategy. As there are a number of broad-ranging theories on national culture, this research advances by analyzing the relationships and associations between key factors found in the literature. Analysis One of the prominent areas where academic literature on national culture has been implemented in terms of business strategy is in the hospitality industry. Baker & Moreo (2008) investigated power distance management between cultures. This specific investigation administered questionnaires to managers in different international regions, specifically: the United States, Thailand, Malaysia, and Turkey. Specifically, the research notes that the questionnaires sought to determine if, â€Å"managers from varied power distance cultures would exhibit varied degrees of participative style, openness to strategic change, formality of strategic control, and people-focused orientation when setting strategic goals† (Baker & Moreo, 2008, p. 12). The results were inconclusive regarding specific differences in power relationships between national cultures. As a result of these findings the authors argue that managers operating in international contexts need not be concerned with the relation between distance and power relationships. Such findings demand further investigation, as there is the possibility of limitations because of the specific organizations that were implemented, as specific trends in the cultures that may be more amenable to each other (Tandukar 2008). Still, there literature makes a significant contribution to broader ranging strategic investigations, as it constitutes a specific perspective on these relations. Such a notion functions to indicate that while individual research studies may lack the large-scale reach that would allow them to make significant impacts on business strategy, collated and implemented in a comprehensive approach could reveal significant insights. Another prominent area where literature on national cultures has been intertwined with business strategy is business ownership. Larimo (1998) tested the notion that national origin significantly impacts the strategies of multinational corporations.